ABBREVIATIONS RELATED TO COMPUTER APPLICATION

1. SMPS  ……….. SWITCH MODE POWER SUPPLY
2. SMTP  ……….. SIMPLE MAIL TRANSFER PROTOCOL
3. SQL     ……….. STRUCTURED QUERY LANGUAGE
4. SRAM  ……….. STATIC RAM
5. TCP      ………..TRANSMISSION CONTROL PROTOCOL
6. TCP/IP ……….. TRANSMISSION CONTROL PROTOCOL/INTERNET PROTOCOL
7. TFT     ………..  THIN FILM TRANSISTOR
8. TTF     ……….. TRUE TYPE FONT
9. TTS     ……….. TEXT TO SPEECH
10. TTY     ……….. TELETYPE
11.  UAC   ……….. USER ACCOUNT CONTROL
12. ULSI   ……….. ULTRA LARGE SCALE INTEGRATION
13. UNIVAC-  …..  UNIVERSAL AUTOMATIC COMPUTER-I
14.  UPS ………..  UN-INTERRUPTIBLE POWER SUPPLY
15. URL   ……….. UNIFORM RESOURCE LOCATOR
16. USB   ………..UNIVERSAL SERIAL BUS
17. VBA   ……….. VISUAL BASIC FOR APPLICATIONS
18. VBS ... VISUAL BASIC SCRIPT
19. VDU ..... VISUAL DISPLAY UNIT
20. VFS.. .... VIRTUAL FILE SYSTEM
21.  VGA .... VIDEO GRAPHIC ARRAY
22. VLAN .. VIRTUAL LOCAL AREA NETWORK
23. VLSI..VERY LARGE SCALE INTEGRATION
24.  VM ..VIRTUAL MEMORY
25. VPN.. ... VIRTUAL PRIVATE NETWORK
26.  VSNL ..... VIDESH SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED
27.  WAN... WIDE AREA NETWORK
28. WAP. ... WIRELESS APPLICATION PROTOCOL
29.  WATS............... ... WIDE AREA TELEPHONE SERVICE
30.  WI-FI ............. WIRELESS FIDELITY
31. WIMAX .. ...... WORLDWIDE INTEROPERABILITY FOR MICROWAVE ACCESS
32. WINS ...... .. WINDOWS INTERNET NAMING SERVICE
33.  WLAN...... WIRELESS LOCAL AREA NETWORK
34. WLL ...WIRELESS IN LOCAL LOOP
35. WORM ................ WRITE ONCE READ MANY
36. WPM .... ..... WORDS PER MINUTE
37. WWAN............... WIRELESS WIDE AREA NETWORK
38. WWW ................. WORLD WIDE WEB
39. XML ..... .... E-XTENSIBLE MARKUP LANGUAGE
40.  Y2K. ... YEAR TWO THOUSAND
41. ZIFS ... ZERO INSERTION FORCE SOCKET
42. ZISC ..ZERO INSTRUCTION SET COMPUTER
43. NTP……….. NETWORK TIME PROTOCOL
44. OCR ………..OPTICAL CHARACTER READER
45. ODBC ………..OPTICAL DATA BUSINESS CONNECTIVITY
46. OMR……….. OPTICAL MARK READER
47.  OOP……….. OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING
48. OS……….. OPERATING SYSTEM
49. OSS ………..OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE
50. P2P ………..PEER TO PEER
51. P A M ………..PULSE AMPLITUDE MODULATION  
52. PAN ………..PERSONAL AREA NETWORK
53. PATA ………..PARALLEL  ATA
54. PC ………..PERSONAL COMPUTER
55. PCI……….. PERIPHERAL COMPONENT INTERCONNECT
56. PDL……….. PROGRAM DESIGN LANGUAGE
57. PDP……….. PLASMA DISPLAY PANEL
58. PGA ………..PIN GRID ARRAY
59. PIC ………..PERIPHERAL INTERFACE CONTROLLER
60. PL ………..PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE
61. PNP ………..PLUG AND PLAY
62. P O P……….. POST OFFICE PROTOCOL  
63. POS ………..POINT OF SALES
64. PPI ………..PIXEL PER INCH
65. PPP ………..POINT TO POINT PROTOCOL
66.  P R O M ………..PROGRAMMABLE READ ONLY MEMORY  
67. PSTN……….. PUBLIC SWITCHED TELEPHONE NETWORK
68. PSU ………..POWER SUPPLY UNIT
69. QDR ………..QUAD DATA RATE
70. QRS ………..QUALITY OF SERVICE
71. RADIUS ………..REMOTE AUTHENTICATION DIAL IN USER SERVICE
72.  R A I D ………..REDUNDANT ARRAY OF INDEPENDENT DISKS
73. RAM ………..RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY
74. RARP ………..REVERSE ADDRESS RESOLUTION PROTOCOL
75. RDBMS……….. RELATIONAL DBMS
76. DBMS ………..DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
77. R I P ………..ROUTING INFORMATION PROTOCOL
78. RISC……….. REDUCED INSTRUCTION SET COMPUTER
79. ROM……….. READ ONLY MEMORY
80. RPG……….. REPORT PROGRAM GENERATOR  
81. RTGS……….. REAL TIME GROSS SETTLEMENT
82. RTO S……….. REAL TIME OPERATING SYSTEM
83.  S A N ………..STORAGE AREA NETWORK
84.   SATA………..SERIAL ATA
85.   SCSI ………..SMALL COMPUTER SYSTEM INTERFACE
86.  SDL ………..SIMPLE DIRECT LAYER
87.  SDN……….. SERVICE DELIVERY NETWORK
88. SDM RAM ………..SYNCHRONOUS DYNAMIC RAM
89.  ISP ………..INTERNET SERVICE PROVIDER
90.  ISR ………..INTERRUPT SERVICE ROUTINE
91.  ISV ……….. INDEPENDENT SOFTWARE VENDOR
92.  IT ………..INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
93. ITU ………..INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION
94. JDS………..JAVA DESKTOP SYSTEM
95.  JMX ………..JAVA MANAGEMENT EXTENSIONS
96. JNI ………..JAVA NATIVE INTERFACE
97. JPEG ……….. JOINT PHOTOGRAPHIC EXPERT GROUP
98.  JS  ………..JAVASCRIPT
99.  KB……….. KILOBYTE
100.  KBPS……….. KILO BYTE PER SECOND
101. KHZ ………..KILO HERTZ
102. LAN ………..LOCAL AREA NETWORK
103.  LCD ………..LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY
104.  LIFO  ………..LAST IN FIRST OUT
105. LSB ……….. LEAST SIGNIFICANT BIT
106. LSI ……….. LARGE SCALE INTEGRATION
107. MAN  ………..METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORK
108. MB ……….. MEGABYTE
109. MBCS………..  MULTIBYTE CHARACTER SET
110. MBR……….. MASTER BOOT RECORD
111. MDI ………..MULTIPLE DOCUMENT INTERFACE
112. MICR ……….. MAGNETIC INK CHARACTER RECOGNITION
113. MIMO………..  MULTIPLE INPUT MULTIPLE OUTPUT
114. MIPS ……….. MILLION  INSTRUCTION FOR SECOND
115. MISD……….. MULTIPLE INSTRUCTION SINGLE DATA
116. MMX ……….. MULTIMEDIA EXTENSION
117. MNG ……….. MULTIPLE IMAGE NETWORK GRAPHICS
118. MODEM………..  MODULATOR DEMODULATOR
119. MPEG ………..MOTION PICTURE  EXPERT GROUP
120. MPL  ………..MOZILLA PUBLIC LICENCE
121. MSB……….. MOST SIGNIFICANT BIT
122. MTNL ……….. MAHANAGAR TELEPHONE NIGAM LIMITED
123. MVS  ………..MULTIPLE VIRTUAL STORAGE
124. NEXT ……….. NEAR AND CROSS TALK
125. NFS  ………..NETWORK FILE SYSTEM
126. NIC  ………..NETWORK INTERFACE CARD
127. NMI ……….. NON MASKABLE INTERRUPT
128. NNTP ………..NETWORK NEWS TRANSFER PROTOCOL
129. NOS ……….. NETWORK OPERATING SYSTEM
130. FDC ……….. FLOPPY DISK CONTROLLER
131. FDD ………..FLOPPY DISK DRIVE
132. FIFO……….. FIRST IN FIRST OUT
133. FLOPS……….. FLOATING-POINT ORIENTATION PER SECOND
134. FORTAN………..FORMULA TRANSLATION
135. FPU……….. FLOATING POINT UNIT
136. FSB……….. FRONT SIDE BUS
137. FTP………..FILE TRANSFER PROTOCOL
138. FXP……….. FILE EXCHANGE PROTOCOL
139. GB………..GIGABYTE
140. GCR………..GROUP CODE RECORDING
141. GDI……….. GRAPHIC DEVICE INTERFACE
142. GIGO………..GARBAGE IN GARBAGE OUT
143. GPU………..GRAPHICS PROCESSING UNIT
144. GUI……….. GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE
145. HAL……….. HARDWARE ABSTRACTION LAYER
146. HCI……….. HUMAN COMPUTER INTERACTION
147. HDD……….. HARD DISK DRIVE
148. HDDVD………..HIGH-DEFINITION DVD
149. HDL………..HARDWARE DEFINITION LANGUAGE
150. HHD………..HYBRID HARD DRIVE
151. HID……….. HUMAN INTERFACE DEVICE
152. HLL……….. HIGH LEVEL LANGUAGE
153. HPFS……….. HIGH-PERFORMANCE FILE SYSTEM
154. HSM………..HIERARCHICAL STORAGE MANAGEMENT
155. HTML………..HYPERTEXT MARKUP LANGUAGE
156. HTTP………..HYPERTEXT TRANSFER PROTOCOL
157. HTX………..HYPER  TRANSPORT E-XPANSION
158. IBM……….. INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINE
159. IC………..INTEGRATED CIRCUIT
160. ICMP………..INTERNET CONTROL MESSAGE PROTOCOL
161. IDL……….. INTERFACE DEFINITION LANGUAGE
162. IGMP………..INTERNET GROUP MANAGEMENT PROTOCOL
163. IGRP……….. INTERIOR GATEWAY ROUTING PROTOCOL
164. IIDC……….. INTEL INDIA DEVELOPMENT CENTRE
165. I/O……….. INPUT OUTPUT
166. IP………..INTERNET PROTOCOL
167. IPC………..INTERNET PROCESS COMMUNICATION
168. IPP………..INTERNET PRINTING PROTOCOL
169. IPTV………..INTERNET PROTOCOL TELEVISION
170. IPX……….. INTERNET PACKET EXCHANGE
171. IRC………..INTERNET RELAY CHAT
172. ISDN……….. INTEGRATED SERVICES DIGITAL NETWORK
173. ISO……….. INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ORGANISATION
174. CU……….. CONTROL UNIT
175. DAC……….. DIGITAL TO ANALOGUE CONVERTER
176. DAD………..DIRECT ACCESS DEVICE
177. DAP……….. DIRECTORY ACCESS PROTOCOL
178. DASD……….. DATA ACCESS STORAGE DEVICE
179. DBA……….. DATABASE ADMINISTRATOR
180. DCL……….. DIGITAL COMMAND LANGUAGE
181. DDE……….. DYNAMIC DATA EXCHANGE
182. DDR……….. DOUBLE DATA RATE
183. DFL……….. DATA FLOW DIAGRAM
184. DFS………..DISTRIBUTED FILE SYSTEM
185. DHTML………..DYNAMIC HTML
186. DLL………..DYNAMIC LINK LIBRARY
187. DLP……….. DIGITAL LIGHT PROCESSING
188. DMA……….. DIRECT MEMORY ACCESS
189. DML……….. DATA MANIPULATION LANGUAGE
190. DNS……….. DOMAIN NAME SYSTEM
191. DOS……….. DISK OPERATING SYSTEM
192. DPI………..DOTS PER INCH
193. DRAM………..DYNAMIC RAM
194. DSL………..DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LINE
195. DSL………..DOMAIN SPECIFIC LANGUAGE
196. DVD……….. DIGITAL VERSATILE DISC
197. DVI……….. DIGITAL VISUAL INTERFACE
198. DVR……….. DIGITAL VIDEO RECORDER
199. E MAIL……….. ELECTRONIC MAI
200. E COMMERCE………..ELECTRONIC COMMERCE
201. EBCDIC………..EXTENDED BINARY CODED DECIMAL INTERCHANGE CODE
202. EDP………..ELECTRONIC DATA PROCESSING
203. EDSAC………..ELECTRONIC DELAY STORAGE AUTOMATIC CALCULATOR
204. EEPROM……….. ELECTRICALLY ERASABLE PROGRAMMABLE ROM
205. EFI……….. EXTENSIBLE FIRMWARE INTERFACE
206. EGA……….. ENHANCE GRAPHICS ARRAY
207. EGP………..EXTERIOR GATEWAY PROTOCOL
208. ELF……….. EXECUTABLE AND LINKABLE FORMAT
209. ENIAC………..ELECTRONIC NUMERICAL INTEGRATED AND COMPUTER
210. EOF……….. END OF FILE
211. EOM………..  END  OF MESSAGE
212. EOL………..END  OF LINE
213. EPROM……….. ERASABLE PROGRAMMABLE ROM
214. EXE………..EXECUTABLE
215. FAT……….. FILE ALLOCATION TABLE
216. FAQ……….. FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
217. FCS……….. FRAME CHECK SEQUENCE
218. AAC……….. ADVANCED AUDIO CODING
219. ABI……….. APPLICATION BINARY INTERFACE
220. ADC………..ANALOGUE TO DIGITAL CONVERTER
221. AHA……….. ACCELERATED HUB ARCHITECTURE
222. AI………..ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
223. ALGOL………..ALGORITHMIC LANGUAGE
224. ALU……….. ARITHMETIC AND LOGICAL UNIT
225. AMD……….. ADVANCED MICRO DEVICES
226. AMR……….. AUDIO MODEM RISER
227. API……….. APPLICATION PROGRAMMING INTERFACE
228. ASCII……….. AMERICAN STANDARD CODE FOR INFORMATION INTERCHANGE
229. ASP………..APPLICATION SERVICE PROVIDER
230. ATA……….. ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY ATTACHMENT
231. ATM………..AUTOMATIC TELLER MACHINE
232. AVC………..ADVANCED VIDEO CODING
233. AVI……….. AUDIO VIDEO INTERLEAVE
234. BASIC………..BEGINNERS ALL PURPOSE SYMBOLIC INSTRUCTION CODE
235. BCD………..BINARY CODED DECIMAL
236. BER……….. BIT ERROR RATE
237. BGP………..BORDER GATEWAY PROTOCOL
238. BIOS………..BASIC INPUT OUTPUT SYSTEM
239. BIT………..BINARY DIGIT
240. BLOG………..WEB  BLOG
241. BPS………..BITS PER SECOND
242. BSNL……….. BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED
243. CAD………..COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN
244. CAE……….. COMPUTER AIDED ENGINEERING
245. CAI………..COMPUTER AIDED INSTRUCTION
246. CD………..COMPACT DISC
247. CD-R………..COMPACT DISC RECORDABLE
248. CD-ROM………..COMPACT DISC READ ONLY MEMORY
249. CD-RW……….. COMPACT DISC REWRITABLE
250. CGA………..COLOUR GRAPHICS ARRAY
251. CGI………..COMMON GATEWAY INTERFACE
252. CLI………..COMMAND LINE INTERFACE
253. COBOL………..COMMON BUSINESS ORIENTED LANGUAGE
254. CPU………..CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT
255. CRT………..CATHODE RAY TUBE  
256. CSI………..COMMON SYSTEM INTERFACE